Blackberry plant named &#39;Camila&#39;

ABSTRACT

A new and distinct primocane-fruiting cultivar of Blackberry plant named “Camila” as described and shown herein. Distinctive characteristics of “Camila” include its earliness, thornless stems, large sized fruit and sweetness without bitter aftertaste.

BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY

Blackberries are a well-known, aggregate fruit enjoyed by many throughout the world. One example of an existing blackberry variety is “APF-8”, which is marketed as “Prime Jan®”, U.S. Plant Pat. No. 15,788. Other examples of existing, patented blackberry varieties are “Navaho”, U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,679 and “APF-12”, U.S. Plant Pat. No. 16,989 which is marketed as “Prime Jim®”.

Compared to APF-8 based on some typical results, the present cultivar, Camila (also known as “HFM-5”), and APF-8 are both primocane-fruiting blackberries, but Camila bears fruit on primocanes about one (1) week earlier than APF-8. In addition, plants of Camila have a slightly lower density of spines on the stems and the growth rate is somewhat less than that of APF-8. The fruits of Camila are much sweeter, with higher firmness, have almost no bitter aftertaste and have less acidity than APF-8. The average degrees Brix (° Bx) and percent acidity of the juice of primocane fruits of Camila is 15.1° Bx and 0.7%, respectively, versus 9.8° Bx and 1.3% for primocane fruits of APF-8. The postharvest quality of primocane fruits of Camila is also higher than that of the primocane fruits of APF-8: After seven (7) days storage at 5° C., the primocane fruits of Camila are firmer than those of APF-8 with only 27% of berries of the former showing leaking juice, versus 60% leaking fruits in the case of APF-8.

Compared to Navaho based on some typical results, the present cultivar, “Camila”, bears fruits on both floricanes and primocanes, whereas Navaho bears fruits only on floricanes. Accordingly, the following comparisons to Navaho involve floricane fruit of Camila. The vegetative growth of Camila is considerably more vigorous than that of Navaho. The canes of Camila are erect, thick and thorny, whereas those of Navaho are semi-erect, thin, and thornless. Floricane fruits of Camila are 5.9 g and 2.8 cm long versus 3.0 g and 1.5 cm for Navaho. The fruit of Camila matured four (4) weeks earlier than those of Navaho; the date of first ripening of Camila in Central Chile is week 49 versus week 1 for Navaho.

The present cultivar, Camila, provides one or more advantages compared to these and/or other blackberry varieties such as one or more of an early maturity and better blackberry fruit for at least some purposes.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS

FIG. 1 is a photograph showing primocane flowers of the Blackberry cultivar “Camila”. This photograph was taken on 22 Mar. 2012 (in Chile).

FIG. 2 is a close-up photograph of a primocane shoot of the Blackberry cultivar “Camila” showing primocane color and spine density. This photograph was taken 21 Mar. 2012 (in Chile).

FIG. 3 is a close-up photograph of primocane fruits. This photograph was taken 16 Feb. 2012 (in Chile).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Note: statements of characteristics herein represent exemplary observations of the cultivar herein and will vary depending on time of year, location, annual weather, etc. Where dimensions, sizes, colors, and other characteristics are given, it is to be understood that such characteristics are approximations and averages. The descriptions reported herein are generally from specimen plants that were planted in August 2008 and later at Nogales, Fifth Region, Chile.

-   Cultivar name: “Camila” -   Classification:     -   -   Family.—Rosaceae.         -   Botanical name.—Rubus subgenus Rubus.         -   Common name.—Blackberry. -   Parentage: -   Note: The parents and Camila have not been evaluated side-by-side.     The data about Camila is from Chile and the data for the parents are     from Arkansas, USA. -   Female parent: -   Name: Name: APF-77 (proprietary, and marketed under the trademark     Black Magic™) U.S. Plant patent application (13/374,444) filed 29     Dec. 2011. Comparing APF-77 grown in Arkansas to Camila grown in     Chile, the average floricane berry weight of APF-77 is 6 to 7 grams     compared to 5.9 grams for Camila. Floricane first bloom date and     first ripe date for APF-77 appear to be about a week to 10 days     earlier compared to Camila: the floricane first bloom date for     APF-77 is 1 April (Northern Hemisphere) versus 10 October (Southern     Hemisphere) for Camila while the first ripe date for APF-77 is 2     June versus 8 December for Camila. The first primocane bloom date     for APF-77 is 10 June (Northern Hemisphere) compared to 20 December     for Camila (Southern Hemisphere), and the first primocane ripe fruit     are 15 July (Northern Hemisphere) for APF-77 compared to 10 February     (Southern Hemisphere) for Camila. Soluble solids in primocane fruit     of Camila is 10.2° Brix compared to 15.1° Brix for APF-77. -   Male parent: -   Name: APF-109T. -   U.S. plant patent: unpatented. Comparing APF-109T grown in Arkansas     to Camila grown in Chile, APF-109T is thornless and has a smaller     berry than Camila: floricane berries for APF-109T average 4.4 grams     versus 5.9 grams for Camila berries. The harvest window appears to     be similar or perhaps Camila would be slightly earlier: the window     is about 16 June (Northern Hemisphere) for APF-109T compared to     about 8 December for Camila (Southern Hemisphere). The soluble     solids of Camila are higher: 11.3° Brix for Camila compared to 9.2°     Brix for APF-109T. The cross for Camila was made in 2006 near     Clarksville, Ark., USA. It was a controlled hand pollination of the     female parent (APF 77)×APF 109T (male parent). Resultant seedlings     were germinated in a nursery near Hijuelas, Fifth Region of     Valparaiso, Chile during the southern hemisphere summer of 2006-07.     285 individual seedlings from this cross were planted in the field     near Nogales, Fifth Region of Valpariso, Chile between December 2007     and January 2008. The first evaluation of these seedlings was in     early summer (November) 2008 and continued through April 2009. The     selection that became Camila was selected in 2009 because the     seedling stood out for its very good flavor and the early maturity     on primocanes. Camila was first asexually propagated by planting     root pieces horizontally in containers containing a bark/peat mix in     August 2009 in a greenhouse in Macul, Santiago, Chile. Etiolated     shoots that emerged from the root pieces were put in a peat/perlite     mix and rooted under humid conditions (covered by clear polyethylene     plastic). Camila has also been asexually reproduced using in vitro     culture. Propagated plants have retained the original     characteristics. Field observations were made in 2009 and later,     mostly in Nogales, Chile, including evaluation over three primocane     fruiting cycles and two floricane fruiting cycles between January     2009 and April 2011. Camila consistently showed above average     horticultural traits and was consistently at the top for taste tests     for flavor. For firmness readings, firmness was ranked by on a scale     of one to five, with 1 being very firm, and 5 being very soft. -   General description: The Camila blackberry is characterized for its     early fruit maturity, both on floricanes and on primocanes. The     floricane crop begins to ripen during the first week of December     (Central Chile). The primocane crop begins to ripen during the     second week of February (Central Chile). The fruit has very good     (sweet) flavor. The fruit is additionally quite attractive and is     elongate and large. Fruit firmness is not very high, but its     postharvest keeping ability is acceptable and it shows minimal color     change (to red) of the drupelets when put in cold storage. The plant     is healthy, moderately vigorous, and productive. Camila is a thorny     variety. -   Average size information: in the study, plants were “pinched” during     growth, so they were not allowed to grow freely. It is estimated     that if not pinch-pruned, the primocanes would reach between about     1.7 and 2.2 m in height. -   Growth: Plants have medium vegetative vigor, and erect growth habit.     Camila makes abundant canes, with primocanes emerging both from the     crown of the plant as well as from the roots (as suckers). -   Growth rate: The growth rate is moderate, with canes reaching an     average of 0.8 meters in height within one month of emergence from     the soil in the spring. -   Productivity: High, yields average 2.0 kg and 2.9 kg of fruit per     meter of row, on the floricane and on the primocane cycles,     respectively. -   Cold hardiness: Ultimate cold hardiness is unknown, but in Chile     dormant plants have resisted midwinter lows of −3° C. without     damage. -   Branching height of the plants: Unknown (they are always pinched to     induce branching and never left to grow to their own devices). -   Canes: -   General description: Erect, thorny, and medium vigor. -   Cane diameter (indicate point of measurement): -   Floricane:     -   -   Base.—1.31 cm.         -   Midpoint.—1.04 cm.         -   Terminal.—0.45 cm. -   Immature primocane:     -   -   Base.—0.86 cm.         -   Midpoint.—0.67 cm.         -   Terminal.—0.33 cm. -   Mature primocane:     -   -   Base.—1.25 cm.         -   Midpoint.—0.84 cm.         -   Terminal.—0.40 cm. -   Internode length:     -   -   Base.—11.44 cm.         -   Midpoint.—7.68 cm.         -   Terminal.—5.01 cm. -   Thorn density/30 cm:     -   -   Base.—21.         -   Midpoint.—15.         -   Terminal.—10. -   Primocane color:     -   -   Base.—Light green.         -   Midpoint.—Light green.         -   Terminal.—Light green. -   Floricane color:     -   -   Base.—Green with brownish spots.         -   Midpoint.—Green with brownish spots.         -   Terminal.—Green with wine-colored spots. -   Date of primocane emergence: Primocanes emerge during the first     weeks of October (in Chile, at 32° 45′ S. Lat., 220 m elev.) and     continue emerging until the second week of November. -   Date of budbreak: Vegetative budbreak occurs during the second week     of September (in Chile at 32° 45′ S. Lat., 220 m elev.). -   Foliage: -   General description: Leaves are green with 3 to 5 leaflets, leaves     are large with double-serrate margins. The adaxial side of each     leaflet is dark green with the veins being somewhat more yellowish.     The abaxial side is lighter green than the adaxial side, with soft     trichomes (indumentum) over the entire surface. The petioles and     petiolules of each leaflet have one rank of thorns, which extend up     ¼ of the length of the central vein of each leaflet. -   Leaves:     -   -   Width.—16.85 cm.         -   Length.—20.13 cm (including petiole).         -   Number of leaflets.—3 to 5 per leaf. -   Leaflet:     -   -   Width.—5.23 cm.         -   Length.—9.46 cm (including petiolules).         -   Margin.—Doubly Serrate.         -   Shape.—Cordate with acuminate tips.         -   Color.—Base Adaxial: Green with the central vein of lighter             green color. Base Abaxial: Lighter green than the adaxial             side, the central vein being even lighter green with a             yellowish cast. Midpoint Adaxial: Green, veins of the same             color and shade. Midpoint Abaxial: Green, but of a lighter             shade than the adaxial side, yellowish colored veins.             Terminal Adaxial: Light green, with the veins being the same             color and shade. Terminal Abaxial: Light green, but a             lighter shade than the adaxial side, with the veins being             the same color. -   Petioles:     -   -   Length.—10.25 cm.         -   Color.—Light Green (with a yellowish cast). -   Petiolules:     -   -   Length.—1-4 cm.         -   Color.—Light Green (with a slightly yellowish cast). -   Flowers: -   Primocane:     -   -   Date of bloom.—(Central Chile). 10% bloom: 20th of December             50% bloom: 30th of December Last bloom: 2nd week of January. -   Petal color: Pure White -   Reproductive organs:     -   -   Stamens.—The stamens are long, erect, and numerous.         -   Pistils.—Numerous.         -   Pollen.—Fertile and abundant.         -   Ovary.—Superior. -   Flower diameter: 3-4 cm. -   Petal size:     -   -   Width.—1.2 cm.         -   Length.—1.8 cm. -   Average number flowers per cluster: 6-7 -   Average number of petals per flower: 5-9 -   Peduncle length: 3.58 cm -   Peduncle color: Green -   Floricane: there are no material differences noted for flower     dimensions and inflorescence characteristics for floricanes compared     to primocanes, but bloom times for floricanes are: -   Date of bloom: (Central Chile)     -   -   10% bloom.—10th of October.         -   50% bloom.—20th of October.         -   Last bloom.—Last week of October. -   Fruit: -   General description: The fruit of Camila stands out for its good     flavor, large size, and low rate of color regression (to red     drupelets) in post-harvest storage. The ratio of soluble solids to     acidity averages 19 on floricane fruits and for primocane fruits,     the ratio averages 23 (both values on plants grown at the     experimental plot at Nogales, Chile). On both the floricane and     primocane fruits there is no noticeable bitter aftertaste that is     typical of eastern blackberries. The level of reversion of drupelets     to a red color in postharvest storage (5° C.) is low. The fruits     have an attractive appearance. They are elongated in shape and large     in size. The firmness is medium, but it is acceptable. -   Primocane: -   Average first ripe date: 10th of February (for plants grown under     shade cloth at 50% shade) at Nogales, Fifth Region of Valparaiso,     Chile. This ripening date is seven (7) days earlier than APF-8 under     the same conditions. The primocane harvest lasts for approximately     50 days. -   Size: Large (8.4 g on average) -   Diameter:     -   -   Equator.—2.05 cm.         -   Base pole.—2.11 cm.         -   Terminal pole.—1.92 cm. -   Length: 3.01 cm -   Shape: Oblong (Elongate) -   Drupelet size: Medium (0.42 cm average) -   Seed size: Small -   Firmness: medium -   Flavor: Very good, sweet, without bitterness -   Soluble solids: 15.1° Bx -   pH: Not measured -   Acidity: 0.7% -   Processed quality: Not evaluated -   Uses: Fresh Market -   Prickles: None -   Floricane: -   Average first ripe date: 8th of December (for plants grown under     shade cloth at 50% shade) at Nogales, Fifth Region of Valparaiso,     Chile. This date is approximately 35 days before Navaho. The     floricane harvest lasts for about 35 days. -   Size: Medium (5.9 g on average). -   Diameter:     -   -   Equator.—2.03 cm.         -   Base pole.—21.4 cm.         -   Terminal pole.—1.84 cm. -   Length: 2.85 cm -   Shape: Oblong (Elongate) -   Drupelet size: Medium, 0.39 cm -   Seed size: Small -   Firmness: Medium, similar to the blackberry cultivar APF-12 but     firmer than APF-8 -   Flavor: Sweet and very good flavor -   Soluble solids: 11.3° Bx -   pH: Not measured -   Acidity: 0.6% -   Processed quality: Not evaluated -   Uses: Fresh Market -   Prickles: None

Thus, in some aspects, the Camila blackberry is characterized by having early ripening both on floricanes and primocanes. The fruits themselves are also distinctive in that they have excellent flavor, large size, elongated shape and are visually attractive. Furthermore, the fruits have a low rate of color reversion (to red) in cold storage. The plant has good vigor and high productivity. Fruit characteristics are similar on both primocanes and floricanes, except that primocane fruits are sweeter, have higher yields, and are larger than the floricane crop. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A new and distinct cultivar of Blackberry plant named “Camila” as described and shown herein. 